Learn how discounted after-tax cash flow helps evaluate real estate investments by factoring in taxes and determining profitability, essential for investment decisions.

IRR measures the rate needed to break even on an investment. Calculate IRR by setting NPV to zero and solving for the discount rate. Use Excel's IRR function by inputting initial cost and cash inflow.

Accurate valuations are paramount in financial analysis, influencing corporate strategies, as well as investment decisions and market perceptions. Among various valuation methods, the discounted cash ...

Closed-end funds provide a unique opportunity due to their structure to invest at deep discounts to the actual underlying value of the holdings. An absolute discount isn't the best measuring stick for ...

REITs and utilities, with high cash flow visibility, were disproportionately punished during rate hikes and now trade at large discounts to the S&P 500. Growth stocks (IWF) outperformed value stocks ...

Discover what makes unconventional cash flows unique, explore challenges in capital budgeting, and learn how multiple IRRs affect investment decisions.

First, let’s be clear on what the discount rate is. If we consider valuation calculations as a two-step process, the first step is to determine the expected future cash flows from the pension scheme ...