Introduction Modern language teaching requires learners rsquo; active participation, critical thinking, creativity, and the development of cultural competence .

Abstract: Online learning has accelerated with the development of the Internet and communication technology. The widely accessible open online courses are delivered using digital environments that ...

Abstract: Due to the greatly improved capabilities of devices, massive data, and increasing concern about data privacy, Federated Learning (FL) has been increasingly considered for applications to ...

Introduction: Hybrid learning, integrating diverse teaching methods and resources, is promising in education. In nursing, it suits varied learning styles via multiple channels and offers time-place ...